Abstract:

Diseased Labeo rohita (26 ± 0.4 cm) were treated with turmeric (Curcuma longa), which can cure Vibriosis using the dipping method. Labeo rohita were collected from the wild (Tamirabarani River, Tamil Nadu). The enumeration of bacteria isolated from diseased fish ranged from 2.3 ± 0.8x105 to 6.5 ± 0.5x107 cfuxg-1. The various bacteria isolated were Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp. and Vibrio anguillarium. The antimicrobial activity of medicinal herbal extracts of turmeric (C. longa), neem (Azadirachta indica) and Aloe vera (both ethanol and distilled water extracts) was noticed against the isolated bacteria. The maximum zone of inhibition of the antimicrobial activity was noticed in turmeric extracts against all the bacteria. Healthy L. rohita (18 ± 0.45 cm) were injected with Gram-negative bacterium V. anguillarum (106 cfuxml-1) to observe the signs of disease. The signs were noticed externally on the 5th day after injection. Hemorrhagic spots appeared at the site of injection and the lesions progressed subsequently. The infected L. rohita individuals were treated with the application of turmeric powder suspension (2gxL-1 water) using the dipping method. The infected individuals were allowed to swim in the turmeric water for 10 min daily until the lesions healed completely (21 days), which was considered as the treated group. Another set of injected fish that were not given the dip treatment was classified as the untreated group. The control groups were injected with physiological saline. The hematological parameters of control, treated and untreated group were monitored on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 which showed significant differences (P<0.05). The total leucocyte count (WBC: 104 mm-3) significantly (P<0.05) increased from initial (3.25 ± 0.43) to final (3.31 ± 0.47) in treated L. rohita. The total erythrocyte count (RBC: 106 mm-3) decreased in the untreated group from day 7 (2.58 ± 0.13) to day 14 (2.06 ± 0.03) and decreased thereafter up to day 21 (1.93 ± 0.09). There was no increment in RBC count until day 21, except for minor fluctuation observed between the initial (day 0: 2.58 ± 0.13) and the final (day 21: 2.74 ± 0.12). The hemoglobin (Hb: gxdl-1) and packed cell volume (PCV: %) counts significantly (P<0.01) decreased on day 14, but increased on day 21 in the treated group. When compared with the control and untreated groups, the total protein level significantly (P< 0.05) increased on day 21 (5.21 ± 1.25) in treated fish. The antibody agglutination titre value was higher in the untreated group than in the treated and control groups. In the treated group, the titre value increased from day 1 (72 ± 2.7) to day 14 (160 ± 1.52) and decreased later till day 21 (144 ± 3.5). The application of medicinal herb turmeric through dip treatment elicited wound healing and subsequent control of Vibriosis in L. rohita. 

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Date 2010/02/15

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